Math Vocabulary Cards

Essential Math Vocabulary — K through Grade 5

A comprehensive set of illustrated math vocabulary cards covering key terms from Kindergarten through Grade 5. Each card includes the term, a child-friendly definition, and a visual example.

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▌Numbers & Operations (K–2)

1.ADD (+) — To combine two or more numbers to find the total. Example: 3 + 4 = 7
2.SUBTRACT (−) — To take one number away from another. Example: 9 − 3 = 6
3.SUM — The answer when you add numbers together. '3 + 5 = 8, the SUM is 8'
4.DIFFERENCE — The answer when you subtract. '10 − 4 = 6, the DIFFERENCE is 6'
5.EQUAL (=) — Having the same value. '5 + 3 is EQUAL to 8'
6.ODD — A number that cannot be divided equally by 2. (1, 3, 5, 7, 9…)
7.EVEN — A number that can be divided equally by 2. (2, 4, 6, 8, 10…)
8.PLACE VALUE — The value of a digit based on its position. In 34: 3=tens, 4=ones

▌Multiplication & Division (Grades 3–4)

✓MULTIPLY (×) — To add a number to itself a certain number of times. 3 × 4 = 12
✓DIVIDE (÷) — To split into equal groups. 12 ÷ 3 = 4
✓PRODUCT — The answer when you multiply. '3 × 4 = 12, the PRODUCT is 12'
✓QUOTIENT — The answer when you divide. '12 ÷ 3 = 4, the QUOTIENT is 4'
✓FACTOR — A number that divides evenly into another. Factors of 12: 1,2,3,4,6,12
✓MULTIPLE — A number in a skip-counting sequence. Multiples of 3: 3,6,9,12,15…
✓ARRAY — Objects arranged in equal rows and columns to show multiplication
✓REMAINDER — What is left over after dividing equally. '13 ÷ 4 = 3 remainder 1'

▌Fractions & Decimals (Grades 3–5)

✓FRACTION — A part of a whole, written as numerator/denominator. Example: 3/4
✓NUMERATOR — The top number of a fraction — how many parts you have
✓DENOMINATOR — The bottom number — how many equal parts the whole is split into
✓EQUIVALENT FRACTIONS — Different fractions that represent the same amount. 1/2 = 2/4
✓DECIMAL — A number with digits after the decimal point. 0.5 = one half
✓PERCENT (%) — Parts per hundred. 50% = 50/100 = 1/2
✓MIXED NUMBER — A whole number and a fraction together. Example: 2 and 3/4
✓IMPROPER FRACTION — Numerator larger than denominator. Example: 7/4

▌Geometry & Measurement (Grades K–5)

✓PERIMETER — The total distance around the outside of a shape
✓AREA — The amount of space inside a shape, measured in square units
✓VOLUME — The amount of space inside a 3D object, measured in cubic units
✓ANGLE — The space between two lines that meet at a point, measured in degrees
✓ACUTE — An angle smaller than 90 degrees
✓OBTUSE — An angle larger than 90 degrees
✓SYMMETRY — A shape has symmetry if it looks the same on both sides of a line
✓PARALLEL — Lines that never meet, always the same distance apart
✓PERPENDICULAR — Lines that meet at a right angle (90°)

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